assessment of tissue distribution and subcellular localization of mir-302 and mir-21 by means of in situ hybridization technique

micrornas (mirnas) are a group of short non-coding rnas implicated in numerous fundamental cellular processes, and their disregulations have been linked to several pathologic conditions, mainly cancers. determining tissue distribution of mirnas is a prerequisite for understanding their exact functions during development, tissue homeostasis and abnormality. in situ hybridization is a powerful technique to delineate the sub-cellular localization and tissue distribution patterns of mrnas as well as mirnas. due to the important role of mirnas in tumorigenesis, we optimized an ish technique for detection of two well-known mirnas (mir-302 and mir-21) in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (ffpe) tumor samples along with a pluripotent embryonal carcinoma cell line, ntera-2 (nt2). after fixation of cells on slides/sectioning of ffpe blocks, proteinase k digestion, probe concentration, antibody development and light sensitive color reaction were optimized for both the ffpe samples and cell line. signals for u6 snrna, as an internal control, were detected in the nuclei of the cells. mir-21 and mir-302 expression was detected in the cytoplasm of ffpe samples of seminoma carcinoma and in nt2 cell line, respectively. in this study, we optimized ish for mirna detection in ffpe samples and nt2 cell line.